작곡가

:   Jacques Offenbach (자크 오펜바흐)

장르

:  

Opera

스타일

:  

Operetta

작곡년도

:   1858

초연

:   Oct 21, 1858

평균연주

:   63:51

악장

1

Ouverture

9:01

2

Act 1 : No. 1a, Can-can

2:54

3

Act 1 : No. 3, La femme dont le coeur

2:46

4

Act 1 : No. 4, Ah! c'est ainsi!

5:21

5

Act 1 : No. 5, Ballet pastoral

1:43

6

Act 1 : No. 6a, Moi, je suis Aristée

null

7

Act 1 : No. 6b, Voici le tendre Aristée

null

8

Act 1 : No. 7a, La mort m'apparait

1:37

9

Act 1 : No. 7b, Viola une plume, Melodrame

null

10

Act 1 : No. 8, Libre! o bonheur

null

11

Act 2 : No. 9, Entr'acte and Chorus of Sleep

null

12

Act 2 : No. 10, Je suis Venus!

null

13

Act 2 : No. 11, Tzing, tzing, tzing

3:46

14

Act 2 : No. 12, Par Saturne

null

15

Act 2 : No. 13a, Eh hop! Eh hop!

1:55

16

Act 2 : No. 13b, Entry of Pluto

null

17

Act 2 : No. 14, Comme il me regarde!

null

18

Act 2 : No. 15, Aux armes, dieux et demi-dieux!

null

19

Act 2 : No. 16, Pour séduire Alcmène...

2:11

20

Act 2 : No. 17, Il approche! Il s'avance... Le viola, c'est bien lui!

null

21

Act 2 : No. 18, Entr'acte

null

22

Act 3 : No. 19, Ah! quelle triste destinée

3:06

23

Act 3 : No. 20a, Quand j'étais roi de Béotie

1:58

24

Act 3 : No. 20b, Ah! tenez, Madame, melodrame

null

25

Act 3 : No. 21, Ah! mon bras!, Melodrame

null

26

Act 3 : No. 22, Nez au vent, ceil au guet

null

27

Act 3 : No. 23, Allons, mes fins limiers

null

28

Act 3 : No. 24, Le beau bourdon que voila

null

29

Act 3 : No. 25, Il m'a semblé sur mon épaule

5:04

30

Act 3 : No. 26a, Si j'étais roi de Béotie

null

31

Act 3 : No. 26b, Galop

1:51

32

Act 4 : No. 27, Vie le vin! Vive Pluton!

2:47

33

Act 4 : No. 28, J'ai vu le Dieu Bacchus

3:01

34

Act 4 : No. 29, Maintenant, je veux, moi qui (Menuet et Galop infernal)

2:51

35

Act 4 : No. 30, Elle est assez bonne!, Melodrame

null

36

Act 4 : No. 31, Ne regarde pas en arrière!, Finale

2:50

Orphée aux enfers, whose title translates from the French as Orpheus in the Underworld, is an opéra bouffon (a form of operetta), or opéra féerie in its revised version. Its score was composed by Jacques Offenbach to a French text written by Ludovic Halévy and later revised by Hector-Jonathan Crémieux. The work, first performed in 1858, is said to be the first classical full-length operetta. Offenbach's earlier operettas were small-scale one-act works, since the law in France did not allow certain genres of full-length works. Orpheus was not only longer, but more musically adventurous than Offenbach's earlier pieces. This also marked the first time that Offenbach used Greek mythology as a backdrop for one of his buffooneries. The operetta is an irreverent parody and scathing satire on Gluck and his Orfeo ed Euridice and culminates in the risqué Galop infernal ("Infernal Galop") that shocked some in the audience at the premiere. Other targets of satire, as would become typical in Offenbach's burlesques, are the stilted performances of classical drama at the Comédie-Française and the scandals in society and politics of the Second French Empire. The "Infernal Galop" from act 2, scene 2, is famous outside classical circles as the music for the "can-can" (to the extent that the tune is widely, but erroneously, called "can-can"). Saint-Saëns borrowed the Galop, slowed it to a crawl, and arranged it for the strings to represent the tortoise in The Carnival of the Animals.
The first performance of the two-act, opéra bouffe version took place at the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens in Paris on 21 October 1858 and ran for an initial 228 performances. It then returned to the stage a few weeks later, after the cast had had a rest. For the Vienna production of 1860, Carl Binder provided an overture that became famous, beginning with its bristling fanfare, followed by a tender love song, a dramatic passage, a complex waltz, and, finally, the renowned can-can music.

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